Youth Mental Health: Helping Young People with Anxiety
Health Matters: Tobacco Smoking
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RED FLAGS-BACK PAIN
December 15, 2020
Youth Mental Health
Anxiety is a common condition experienced by young people that can escalate to a point where it impacts on their general well being and activities of daily living; brain development and performance at school or college. If untreated the risk of developing chronic and enduring mental health conditions increases, as well as the risks of deliberate self harm and suicide.
Anxiety is a normal response to an unusual or stressful event; it is the psychological component of the “flight or fight” response.
Anxiety is considered abnormal when:
- it is excessively severe or prolonged
- it occurs in the absence of a stressful event
- it impairs social, physical or occupational functioning
Types of anxiety disorder
These include:
- phobic disorders
- panic attacks
- obsessive-compulsive disorder
- generalized anxiety disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder
Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of a range of anxiety disorders that includes panic disorder (with and without agoraphobia), post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, specific phobias (for example, of spiders) and acute stress disorder. Anxiety disorders can exist in isolation but more commonly occur with other anxiety and depressive disorders.
GAD is a common disorder, of which the central feature is excessive worry about a number of different events associated with heightened tension
- a formal diagnosis using the DSM-IV classification system requires two major symptoms occurring more days than not, for at least 6 months (excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events and activities, and difficulty controlling the worry) and three or more additional symptoms from a list below:
The anxiety and worry are associated with at least three of the following six symptoms (with at least some symptoms present for more days than not, for the past 6 months):
- restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
- being easily fatigued
- difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
- irritability
- muscle tension
- sleep disturbance
Symptoms should be present for at least 6 months and should cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning
NICE suggest a stepped care model for GAD (2):
- Stepped Care Model for Intervention in GAD
NICE (January 2011). Generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia) in adults
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